I'm VERY late in acquiring the game...just bought it last week, Legendary Edition x360 version.
Anyhoo, I'm at The Staff of Magnus quest. However, I realized that I'm actually too low of a level to beat the Skeleton Dragon and its minions. I'm at Level 16 1/4, and from the book and online, it was said I should be at level 20-24. I do NOT want to cheat by making the game too easy by changing the difficulty nor doing any easy level grinding. I rather work harder on increasing my levels.
My question to you, will everything be OKAY if I just leave Labyrinthian and ignore Winterhold for a while until I reach Level 20-24? I'm just concerned about Winterhold and the residents etc after being attacked by the Magic Anomaly and any other things that will be affected if I ignore The Staff of Magnus quest. It may be several days to a week or so of game time before I go back to The Staff of Magnus quest. I do know that some of the side quests at Winterhold will not be available, so that's okay, not a huge deal.
I know I read somewhere that the majority of the quests doesn't have a time limit to complete/start, so I can just take my time even though the quest giver says, "Hurry up! You MUST do this now or he'll die!", etc...but I just am not 100% sure.
In theory, I *could* open the gate, fire some Destruction spells, but that is a bit more on leaning towards the cheating side. I need to get some higher levels in order to do some of the quests that I kind of stumbled across anyways, so it's a win-win.
Thanks for any help!

You might find that the dungeon has been reset and the mods you've already killed are back when you decide to continue the quest, but that shouldn't be a problem.
I have a save before I even entered the dungeon, so I don't care about anything being reset.