Upon looking closely at this map for over an hour (obsessively) I noticed that the terrain types are actually clearly written on the map and the terrain type zones are shaded by color (the territory boundaries are different from the color zones). The only ones I couldn't make out are the types for The Reach over on the Western side, and the most Northwestern corner. The upper left corner of the map was so distorted that I am not even sure that zone is a different color, rather than just more Snow mixed with the terrain type for The Reach (which may be Glacier anyway).
I labeled the major locations that take up multiple cells (I also included High Hrothgar assuming something more unique is there) up to the total of 17 major town locations. I am still not sure if those larger ones like Kynesgrove are towns, because they might be groves, dragon breeding grounds, or ruins of some sort. I have some reservations about the towns Luke marked out since that's based on information dated far before Oblivion was made, let alone noting that 200 years have passed. For all we know that's a refugee camp from Morrowind that turned into a shantytown.
I also pointed out the icons listed on the lower left corner, demonstrating that at this point in development there were 8 landmark types to be scattered over the map. Since 2 types are penciled in (along with the incomplete borders of many of the towns) I think we can look forward to many more landmarks than are shown here.