So... can a stealther use power armor effectively, while using a similar playstyle to what they had prior to donning the suit?
I wanted to know if it'd work, and the best way to find out is experience. Hard playthrough, though considering upping the difficulty to Very Hard now.
I hit level 41 and pushed my Science! to Rank 4 on my Sniper/Stealth character. High Perception, Intelligence, and Agility primarily, with low/mediocre Strength/Endurance. I then grabbed my suit of X-01 I'd found behind the National Guard Training Yard and modded it to the max I could:
With Armorer 2 and Science! 4, I upgraded to X-01 mk IV across all six slots, Hot Rod Red Flames paint for a bonus to Agility, a Stealth Boy in the Torso, and Calibrated Shocks in the legs so I could haul junk more efficiently.
I loaded up on my favored ammo types. Primary weapons were a Combat Rifle (Overseer's Guardian) with a Suppressor, Short Light Barrel, QE Large Mag, Recoil Stock, Circle Sights, and a .308 Receiver (198 base damage). A Combat Shotgun with essentially the same setup. A fully modded .50 cal sniper rifle. (Rifleman at 5, Sandman at 3, Sniper at 3, Stealth at 4, Ninja at 3 - x5.3 ranged sneak damage)
X-01 armor is pretty darn beefy and hard to kill as it is, even if it's not Mark VI (Mark IV is about the same stats as T-60F, so not shabby by any means). If the opponent never gets a straight shot at you, it's darn near impossible to kill it. With a very large AP pool and Action Boy/Girl at 2 to regen fast while moving, the Stealth Boy lasts a very long time.
The time I came closest to dying was picking a bad fast travel point and loading into five supermutants beating the tar out of me and my companion. Stimmed and then killed them asap.
Aside from that, there was no real threat. I was more than capable of staying in Caution or Hidden state most of the time, and even if fully revealed -- I was in power armor, and could shrug off a lot of surprises that would normally wreck me in Ballistic Weave 3 (which is what I can currently make). I don't trigger tripwires or mines even in the power armor still, so one of the threats to my armor's legs that I experienced in my first playthrough are not a major concern.
I went through a 3 hour gaming session, playing through about 6-8 different missions and area clears (Camp Kendall for the Railroad, Fanuiel Hall, the BADTFL, and others) without needing to repair once. Used up four Fusion Cores from the length of time in the armor and went through 350 rounds of .308 ammo with the amount of mid-ranged combat there was (and another 40ish .50 cal and a couple dozen shotgun rounds). The Stealth Boy, multiple times, was the difference between detection and a solid sneak attack. Instances such as an enemy rounding the corner on me, or sitting at a balcony or in an exposed area -- in power armor -- and still going undetected until I start killing. Far more often they found my companion first.
At the end of the day, the most damaged piece of armor was an arm with 95 HP left of durability.
So... yeah... you can totally sneak/snipe in power armor. And when it comes time to play smashface, you certainly can stand up, stomp in, and start gunning people down still. Just had to stimpack a bit more frequently due to a smaller base HP pool.