Can you safely store items in your spouses house?
You should be able to. I know in Oblivion you had to be careful since most clutter containers, except for ones in your house, would respawn with different items, but I haven't heard of any issues with that in Skyrim so far. Just to be safe you should put a fork or a cup or some random item in a container, then leave and wait a few game days, save, restart your system and go back and see if it's still there.