You can add spells individually with the console addspell command. Type player.addspell ID where ID is the id number for the spell you want to add. http://elderscrolls.wikia.com/wiki/Console_Command_Batch_Lists_(Skyrim)#All_Obtainable_Spells you have some examples of the use of this command, with all obtainable spells (sadly the name of each spell is not included).
If you simply want to try the spells, you can also type psb. This will give you all the spells, effects and shouts in the game, including powers from creatures and NPCs you are not supposed to have.
EDIT: Sorry, I misunderstand you. Let's see if I find now what you ask.
EDIT2:The only method I found is enchanting objects with the console and then destroying the object to learn the enchantments. The command you need to enchant the objects is playerEnchantObject objectID EnchantID. in http://www.uesp.net/wiki/Skyrim:Skyrim page, you will find the id numbers of many things, including the ones of the objects you need to enchant. I don't know when you can find the ID numbers for enchantments themselves right now, but eventually they will put in the page I just listed.