You can become Guildmaster of the Thieves Guild? I finished the main questline and I always thought it was Brynjolf because he always says he's busy with getting the Guild back on its feet when you try to talk to him.
Keep doing the jobs for each major city (whiterun, markarth, solitude, windhelm), and eventually you will be offered special jobs for each one. once you do these special jobs, you can consider these holds under TG control. it's amazing, you can see that tonilia and the other fences have more money and there are extra merchants on the ragged flagon.
I LOVE this aspect of the thieves guild, I usually do these jobs even before starting the goldenglow state mission.