Is it possible after killing Elijah just to reverse-pickpocket the gold bars onto him, drag him with you and then take the bars off him before leaving?

I believe the way to do it is to place his corpse hard against the force field door then run like mad all the way back and grab everything off him by selecting him through the field. I have heard that it might take a few times trying to get back around before you succeed.

If you're running back the long way, with the time Deadline, it is useful to clear all the obstacles(such as the holograms) first.

From personal experience it is not possible to get back the long way while overburdened, even with both levels of implant GRX.(turbo).

Managed to sneak out...

Those 37 bars aren't worth the stress that add-on caused.