Not just a "bomb".
http://fallout.wikia.com/wiki/Ballistic_Orbital_Missile_Base_001.
EDIT: Actually, it is entirely possible, considering how much content from Interplay's Fallout 3 (A.K.A. Van Buren) was implemented in New Vegas (Caesar's Legion, New Canaan, Burned Man, Big Empty, and more)
well, if you look at the pic of ulysses standing in front of the rocket and compare the top of that warhead to the image in the achievement for Warhead Hunter it seems that the top of the warhead in the pic looks like the image of the warhead in the achievement graphic......
and with BOMB001 being and orbiting base one has to go to, i doubt that is a rocket to get to it......
and the warhead hunter achievement says "Detonated all the warheads in the Divide " it seems that the warheads are located in the divide and not on the space station......