Well, the 20/10 is something of an underpopulation experiment - vaults are for thousand(s), and there's only 30 in this one.
But the panther... What's up with that?!
Perhaps something to do with our survival instinct.
Clearly it's a male-dominant vault, maybe they would test the protective sences of the men.
The panther is a hazard-facter in any case, which should put the population under strain.
Indeed, 30 humans can easly overun a panther(unless it was drugged with VATS or so).
I personally think it's a rather interesting experiment.