Swords- Higher chance of critical hits
Axes- Additional bleeding damages
Maces- Ignores armor when attacking
Shields- Protection from certain types of spells (probably just frost, lightning, fire ect).
Armor- Probably the same as shields or maybe different perks for light/heavy armor.
They will probably have higher levels to each perk so you could choose to have bonuses on multiple weapons or specialize in a single weapon increasing the bonus the perk provides or maybe introducing additional bonuses.
For example at first swords get a higher critical chance, so the next time you get a perk you can choose to increase the level of the perk providing maybe an even higher critical chance and the third level could provide an additional bonus like more damage to unarmed opponents.
FOCUS:What kinds of weapon/armor perks do you think will make it into the game?