I believe C0DA isn't so metaphysical, since in the Loveletter it mentions bloodlines being certified by C0DA. This pretty much confirms C0DA as being an entity, record or organisation in my book.
The C0DA breaking can mean various things. If it is an entity, C0DA died and was reborn. If it was a record, it was merely a Dragon Break or something else that screwed up history. If it was an organisation, the organisation split into smaller organisations that then rejoined.