Caesar isn't interested in an educational system right now, he's interested in expanding the territories and achieving his synthesis before he starts any "real" nation.
As to technology, Legion doesn't hate it. They want Energy Weapons from Van Graffs.
What Caesar is against is mind-altering chems and healing items that are basically cheating the natural process.
He wants his soldiers to be able to deal with wounds and keep on fighting instead of just popping a stimpack into the wound every time they scraqe their knee.
It will cost lives but those that survive will be tougher than others that do abuse Stimpaks.
Finally, robots.
What lesson would he be sending to his Legion if their hard work wasn't appreciated?
He won't use robots simply for the reason that he wants his army to fight the war with their own flesh and blood.
Strange as it may seem, it creates unity and loyalty.
The moment you introduce a cowardice way of fighting an enemy like with robots it's like saying "Yeah... I know that you fought your way up to become a Prime legionnaire... But I'ma use this robot instead of you."
Legionnaires will begin to question whether it was worth training to become killing machines and stepping over the bodies of even their fallen brethren if they could have just used machines from the start.
But I think he explains why he doesn't want to use robots himself through his dialogue if you question the bunker under The Fort.