Ignoring the knee-jerk "OMG, keep TES out of Fallout!"..... realistically, any number of melee weapons would fit into the game. Either as loot from sporting-goods & hardware stores (bow, axe, machete, sledge, etc) or from museums & officer's equipment (swords/etc), or from Tribals (crude bows, clubs, spears & javelins, etc.) FO2 & NV had spears & throwing spears for tribals, but they didn't bother to try to stick bows/crossbows in (the game is already loaded with guns for ranged weapons, & bow wouldn't fit under Throwing skill or Guns skill. So, bows not included for game design reasons, not because "they don't fit"....)
That said, it's still the same issue - with all those guns/energy weapons/big guns, where do you fit a bow in skill-wise? Any melee weapon can fit into that skill, but bow & crossbow are the odd men out. Having them under gun skill would be silly, but making a whole skill/perk-set for them isn't worth it.
(actually, if you think about it - we did have a crossbow in Fallout 3: the Dart Gun. )
Regardless of all this, none of it would be "reused" from TES. Other than the basic concept "hit people with heavy/sharp object". Any melee weapons would be new models/textures that fit the overall art style.