Anyone who isn't in the United States. There would be no super mutants, no big ass scorpions, no power armored bad guys... And especially in Europe the society would be reconstructed rather well, assuming that common European nationalism remained in existence. Since Europe seemed to be a minor belligerent in the War, it could have done very well. (Especially traditionally neutral countries, like Finland, Austria, Sweden or Switzerland)
I disagree, according to the Fallout Timeline, europe consisted of the european commonwealth (probably equivalent to the current EU) which disolved into quarraling bickering nation-states after the resource wars with the middel-east. Also we musn't forget the cold war and the huge diviation in the world between capitalist and communist states. I dont think it is wrongfull to assume that these gigantic blocks existed in the Fallout Universe just as they did in ours. This being said, on the outbreak of the Nuclear Apocalypse probably every nation on the northern hemisphere was completely destroyed by the Nuclear Firestorm, since virtually every nation was allied with one of the two super powers. This is very likely, first of all because of the cold war and even more because of the resource scarcities which propagated both the formation of economic and ideological blocks as well as the outbreak of major conflicts. Furthermore, the intro movies of both Fallout 2 and 3 state that after the Nuclear Firestorm a quiet darkness fell accros the planet, lasting many years, after which the inhabitants of the vaults only had the wastes to greet them. This implies that anyone living outside the vault or any other bunker with significant energy and supplies would certainly have died, because of the obvious nuclear winter.