The difference between saying "Talos achieved CHIM" and "Talos saw the secret Tower of and within the Wheel" is the difference between saying "Neo became the One" and "Neo fulfilled a cyclical illusion of Messianic prophecy put in place by the Machines to deal with unsuitable Matrix-denizens." In both cases the latter, by their nature as explanations of a bunch of fantasy balderdash, are harder to grok.
Talos is not an Aedroth. He is an ascended mortal, which DOES make him a god, but of a class with Mannimarco and ALMSIVI, not the Eight Planets. All et'Ada have existed since before Creation, Aedra included.
That's why they are only ever called Nine Divines and not Nine Aedra. "Eight Aedra" would be a true grouping, however.
The Daedra do not get eaten by Alduin. Alduin only eats Nirn, not all of the Mundus, not any of Oblivion, not any of Aetherius. It is reasonable to assume that the Leaper Demon King was not initially a Daedric Prince, rather a Mundane being, given that no Daedroth would care about preventing the Kalpic cycle, and his cursed transformation into the Razor cast him into Oblivion.
Interesting conjecture time:
The reset of the Kalpa, though heralded by the consumption of Nirn alone, has temporal effects that extend beyond Nirn. Convention is repeated; the actors in the play that is the Dawn perform yet again, perhaps the roles are shuffled around, perhaps not. Given that Alduin is the End of Time-made-flesh, this might not necessitate further inquiry. But perhaps there is a different explanation.
The Aedric planets of the Mundus are the dominions and flesh-divinities of the gods, which are not eaten by the World-Eater. Nirn, whose divinity, of course, is Memory, is eaten. Would not the violation of Memory entail a great forgetting? How else would the Aedra not realize they've been doing this Convention thing over and over again?