This will work on both the 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Windows Vista. Also, a word of caution, if your computer is on a domain (if you're not sure, it's probably not unless you use the computer to connect to a network at work or school. In addition, Windows Vista Home Editions lack the ability to connect to a domain at all so if you are using those, you are defiantly not on a domain), then you should apply these tweaks at your own risk because some of the services that are disabled might be required for connectivity to a domain-based network.
SERVICES
Windows Vista includes a lot of services (programs that run in the background without interacting with the user), that, while they can improve the computing experience of the average user, can have an adverse affect on game performance. This was also the case when Windows XP was released and it took Microsoft a service pack to optimize the services that were started by default on Windows XP.
To edit services on your computer do the following :
1.Press the Windows Key and R. The run dialog should pop up.
2.Type in services.msc and press enter. If you have User Account Control enabled, click the Continue button to proceed.
3.To edit a service, find it in the list, and double-click on it. In the dialog that comes up, find the drop-down for startup type and change it to your desired setting. Afterwards, click OK.
A few notes on the different settings for services
In Windows Vista, there are four potential startup types for services. This controls how and when the service will be run, if at all.
Automatic - The service will start as soon as possible when the system is booted.
Automatic (Delayed Start) - This option is new to Vista. The service will not start at bootup but will start shortly thereafter. This reduces boot time by allowing services that aren't required immediatly upon boot to start up later. On average, it takes 1-5 minutes after bootup for a delayed startup service to start. Note that not all services can be set to this option.
Manual - The service will not start unless it is done so manually by another program or the user. In theory, a service under this catagory should start when it is needed but in practice, a lot of times it doesn't. The program that needs the service has to manually start the service itself, Windows doesn't do that for the program.
Disabled - The service cannot be started at all, either by the user or another program as long as it's startup type is set to this catagory.
List of services that can be disabled or changed (in no particular order) :
The following is a list of services that are safe to disable on the average setup. Please note that I cannot guarantee this will not cause any problems because there are an innumerable amount of potential setups. So when disabling anything listed below, keep in mind that your mileage may vary. None of these changes are permanent and, if it turns out that disabling these services causes a compatibility issue, you can easily re-enable them without doing any harm to your system.
Windows Search Service|DISABLED
This is Windows Vista's version of the infamous Windows XP Indexing Service. This service creates and maintains a database of files on your harddrive to speed up file searches. Like XP's Indexing Service, it's also a notorious resource hog, and on my system, the Windows Search Service accounted for 50% of the memory that was being used by services.
If you are experiencing hitching, stuttering, or bad harddisk performance, this service is very likely the culprit. If nothing else, this is the one tweak that you should make to your Vista system. If you can't live without indexing, I recommend manually turning it on and off when you aren't playing games. Alternatively, there is also http://desktop.google.com which does the same thing as Windows Search but uses a fraction of the resources.
Superfetch|DEPENDS
Superfetch uses heuristic algorithms to populate unused memory with frequently used applications in an effort to speed up launch time. In otherwords, Superfetch anolyzes your computer usage patterns and then preemptively loads programs. So if you get up at 6:00AM, log on and open up Firefox, Superfetch will catch on and start prelaoding Firefox into memory shortly before 6:00AM. If you have plenty of RAM (2+ GB), this is a good thing because it puts your unused RAM to work and significantly speeds up system response times. However, the Superfetch Service itself has an overhead of about 100MB in terms of RAM usage, so if you don't have a lot of RAM, you might end up with a 100MB Superfetch Service that can't do anything because there is no memory left to use for cache. In a nutshell, leave it on if you have 2+ GB of RAM and experiment with less to see if it helps or degrades your system performance.
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Diagnostic Policy Service|DISABLED
Diagnostic Service Host|DISABLED
Diagnostic System Host|DISABLED
Windows Error Reporting Service|DISABLED
These four services comprise Vista's Problem Reports and Solutions Feature. If you've ever had a crash and then a dialog asking if you want to check for a solution with Microsoft, these are the services responsible for that. Unless you really want those features, these are best disabled because it can take up resources and the solutions provided after a program crashes are generally not that helpful.
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Tablet PC Input Service|DEPENDS
If you are using a touchscreen or Tablet PC, leave this as it is. Otherwise you don't need it and it can be disabled.
Terminal Services|DEPENDS
If you use Remote Desktop or Remote Assistance, leave it as it is. Otherwise, Disabled.
IP Helper Service|DEPENDS
If you are using an IPv6 network, leave this enabled. Otherwise, disable it. If you're unsure, chances are you aren't.
TCP/IP NetBIOS Helper Service|DEPENDS
If you only have a single computer or if you aren't using Microsoft networking, this can be disabled. If unsure, leave enabled.
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SSDP Discovery|DEPENDS
UPnP Device Host|DEPENDS
These services provide Universal Plug'nPlay support. UPnP has absolutely nothing to do with regular Plug'n'Play or setting up hardware in your computer. UPnP is used as a protocol designed for discovering, among other things, network appliances. If you don't use UPnP (and most people don't), then it's safe to disable these two services. If you aren't sure, I would try disabling it and see if it affects anything. Note that, if you make use of media center extenders for Windows Media Center, those use UPnP. Also if you have an XBox 360 on your network, that also makes use of UPnP so you may have trouble accessing your XBox 360 from your computer if you disable these services.
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Offline Files|DEPENDS
This service keeps cached copies of files and directories that are stored on a central server so that you can access them even when you aren't connected to the server. Unless your computer is on a domain, you don't really need this service. As always, if you use your computer to access a network at work or school, check with your network administrator before messing with this service.
MORE SERVICES
If you want the absolute most amount of free resources on your computer, you can disable the following services. Disabling these services will create a configuration that uses a minimal amount of RAM (Systems with <1GB of RAM). Please note that this will disable many of Vista's fancy new features but it will make Vista useable on low RAM configurations.
Superfetch - Listing it here again. Superfetch does have resource overhead (~100MB of RAM at peak) so it will drag down your system if you don't have enough RAM to benefit from it's preemptive caching. Again, if you have a lot of RAM, leave it on because the performance improvement is dramatic with enough RAM.
Desktop Window Manager Session Manager - This will disable Aeroglass and the Desktop Window Manager and cause Vista to revert to the old Windows XP style graphics subsystem. This frees up a significant amount of memory for older systems.
Security Center - This is the little tray icon and associated window that nags you if it thinks your anti-virus is not up to date or if you disable the Windows Firewall (because you use your own hardware firewall). You don't need it and it takes up memory.
OTHER TIPS/TWEAKS
DISABLE DWM/AEROGLASS WHEN RUNNING GAMES
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DWM, or the Desktop Window Manager, turns the video card into a shared resource which allows for the Aeroglass effects and the tear-free desktop. When running normal applications, this is a good thing because it offloads the graphics work (the bulk of which was handled by the CPU in Windows XP) to the GPU, which, when running normal applications is sitting in your computer doing nothing. With Aeroglass/DWM on, the CPU is freed up for other duties as all of the desktop graphics are now handled by the GPU.
In DirectX 9 and OpenGL games however (such as Oblivion), having Aeroglass/DWM on can decrease performance. This is for a number of reasons :
1.DWM makes the video card a shared resource. When DWM is on, programs are not allowed direct access to the video card.
2.DWM uses both System RAM and VRAM because it maintains an offscreen buffer for every window.
Fortunately, Microsoft has provided a way to disable DWM on a per-application basis so you can still enjoy Aeroglass when not running games. To disable DWM on a per-application basis, right click on the application/game's icon and select properties. Navigate to the compatibility tab, then find and check Disable Desktop Compositing. Now, whenever you launch that program, Windows Vista will temporarily switch back to the Windows XP style graphics subsystem.
DirectX 10 games shouldn't be affected as much (if at all) by having DWM on because the DirectX 10 API is designed around having the GPU as a shared resource and is better able to handle GPU multitasking.
With a few simple steps, on most setups, you can easily make Oblivion run as fast or faster than in Windows XP under Windows Vista.
This will work on both the 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Windows Vista. Also, a word of caution, if your computer is on a domain (if you're not sure, it's probably not unless you use the computer to connect to a network at work or school. In addition, Windows Vista Home Editions lack the ability to connect to a domain at all so if you are using those, you are defiantly not on a domain), then you should apply these tweaks at your own risk because some of the services that are disabled might be required for connectivity to a domain-based network.
USE THE 64-BIT VERSION OF WINDOWS VISTA (WHERE APPLICABLE)
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The majority of people today have 64-bit processors, even if they are still running a 32-bit operating system. Unlike Windows XP x64 edition, all Windows Vista licenses are good and legal for both the 32-bit and 64-bit editions. However, only the Ultimate Edition of Windows Vista comes with the 64-bit install out of the box. If you aren't using Ultimate, you can either http://www.microsoft.com/windows/products/windowsvista/editions/64bit.mspx from Microsoft. Your existing 32-bit product key is good for the equivalent 64-bit version.
Using a 64-bit version has a number of advantages :
1.The ability to use more than 4 gigabytes of address space. This means that you can have those two 512MB 8800Ultras in SLI and not have to worry about only being able to access 1.5 gigabytes of System RAM. The practical memory limit in a 32-bit operating system is anywhere from 1.5 - 3 gigabytes depending on your system configuration.
2.32-bit programs that are large address aware can use 4 gigabytes of address space (on 32-bit versions of Windows, by default, 32-bit programs can only use 2 gigabytes of address space as the other half is reserved for the kernel.) Certain memory intensive applications (such as Supreme Commander and Google Earth) will crash when they exceed this two gigabyte limit and, when a 32-bit program is made large address aware (it's very easy and I'll detail how to do it later), using a 64-bit system doubles the amount of address space available.
3.You'll be able to run 64-bit programs and your system will be better equipped to deal with future applications. Simply put, the limits of the 32-bit architecture are being rapidly approached, and, in a few years, there will probably be 64-bit only games. Also, if you want to run http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&ct=res&cd=1&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ea.com%2Fcrysis%2F&ei=Tn4IR7rxLZDQeticmKEF&usg=AFQjCNETomwJvhg02SRYqDCnx2Gq-6387w&sig2=UjFqdM631EsHmig2D8VilA at it's best, you'll probably want a 64-bit operating system because it will have native 64-bit support.
64-bit applications do not simply have access to more memory address space. A 64-bit application also has access to twice the amount of registers as a 32-bit application (8 vs 16) which means that performance can be improved dramatically.
4.Vista x64 can natively execute 32-bit programs. The majority of your software will work fine in Vista x64 if it already works in the 32-bit edition of Vista. You will want to make sure that you have 64-bit drivers for all of your hardware however, because Vista x64 cannot use 32-bit drivers. In addition, 16-bit software (Windows 3.x) will not work under 64-bit editions of Windows Vista with the exception of a number of 16-bit installers which Vista x64 has been hard-coded to work with. I've personally installed and run both Alpha Centauri and System Shock 2 (both use a 16-bit installshield) under Vista x64 and they installed and run flawlessly.
MAKE SURE YOU HAVE THE LATEST DRIVERS
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This is important in any version of Windows but is especially important in Vista. As Vista is a new operating system, the drivers released by hardware manufacturers are constantly being updated. The performance difference, especially with video drivers, between driver releases, can be dramatic.
Also, don't be afraid to use beta drivers. They generally offer better performance and compatibility than the non-beta drivers (when beta drivers are available) and the risk is minimal.
You can get access to beta drivers at these locations :
For nVidia Cards : http://nzone.com/object/nzone_downloads_rel70betadriver.html (If none are listed, there are no current beta drivers available)
For ATI Cards : http://ati.amd.com/products/catalyst/betatester.html
DISABLE IPv6
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The IP Protocol or Internet Protocol provides routing, path determination, and internetwork communication. In laymans terms, it is responsible for connecting all of the networks of the internet together and determining where and how to get to different computers on the internet.
Every computer on the internet has at least one IP address which is used to logically identify it. Right now, the defacto standard is IPv4 or Version 4 of the IP Protocol. IPv6 is an upcoming replacement designed to solve a number of issues with IPv4. Windows Vista comes with a brand new networking stack that has integrated IPv4 and IPv6 support. However, right now, I am not aware of any home internet service providers that use IPv6 and the percentage adoption rate of IPv6 worldwide was in the single digits last time I checked. Simply put, a home user has no use for IPv6 at this point in time and won't have any use for IPv6 for the foreseeable future and it can be safely disabled to improve networking performance and reduce overhead.
Please note that if you use your computer to access a network at work or school, you'll want to check with your network administrator before doing this.
To disable IPv6 :
1.Click the start button then select Network.
2.In the window that comes up, click the Network and Sharing Center Button. Another window will open.
3.In the next window, on the side select Manage Network Connections.
4.Right-click on Local Area Connection and select properties. If you have User Account Control enabled, click continue.
5.In the window that comes up, find Internet Protocol Version 6 and uncheck it.
6.Click OK
7.Repeat steps 4 through 6 for any additional network connections (if you have more than one network adapter).
MAKE SURE YOU HAVE THE LATEST HOTFIXES
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Microsoft has released a number of performance and gaming related hotfixes for Windows Vista. Some, but not all, are pushed through Windows Update and the others you will have to manually download.
They are :
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/936710
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/938194
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/938979
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/940105
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/941649
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I'll add more to this guide tomorrow. These tweaks should hopefully improve your gaming performance under Vista.