» Thu May 03, 2012 10:27 pm
A "Nuclear Winter", and it's length would depend largely on the global scale of the nuclear war. If it were just the US and China that were bombarded there would be a shorter, more localized "Winter" where the temperature would drop and the sun would be blocked out. Based on the scale of the damage to the US in the game, it is likely that this would have occurred in most of the country for at least some time.
Radiation itself wouldn't have killed off all the plant life--it would be affected--but not necessarily wiped out. The bombs themselves would have generated immense heat and burned large areas, but they still would have been small in comparison. A few miles at most. It's the temperature drop, layers of ash and the lack of sunlight that would kill off the plant life.
As the fallout is carried around the globe it would dissipate. Unless most other areas suffered similar attacks, then the fallout from those areas would be moved around the globe as well. Eventually the air would clear, but it would take much longer if in addition to China and the US, Europe, Russia and other areas were hit as well.
Clearly some plant life survived, or was able to regenerate. Point Lookout is full of plant life, albeit mutated. This indicates that some parts of the world were likely unharmed and the fallout was able to clear without a total die off. There's not a ton of info on all that though, so I suppose we are left to speculate. I'd hate to see a Fallout game take place outside of the US, but I wouldn't mind a quest or something that can tell us what the rest of world is up to while we wander the wastes.