Surprisingly, La Longue Carabine.
I was entirely unhappy that I couldn't get it without killing Corporal Sterling, or pickpocketing him, I didn't realize he had it until they moved to Camp Forlorn Hope, so he was almost always surrounded by people, making pickpocketing impossible.
I got over this by spawning it. (PC FTW!)
Carabine's very good at mid-ranged, and even up-close attacks (If you know how to use it), it has a damage value of 35, with a DPS of 75.3. This rifle has lasted me through almost all the DLCs (except Dead Money, which I refuse to do again). Carabine also utilizes .357, which is very common. Though the gun isn't that great when compared to Marksmen Carbines, the Gobi Campaign rifle, or Holorifle, it's still amazing to use with the right perks and a high Guns skill.